When problems arise during a project, what is the first step a project manager should take in the decision-making process?

• A. Gather information
• B. Define the problem
• C. Identify the problem
• D. Escalate the issue

Answer: (C)

When problems arise, the immediate step is to identify the problem. This means clearly stating what isn’t going as planned, describing the gap between the current state and the desired outcome, and noting who or what is affected. Identifying the problem creates a precise starting point for analysis and helps prevent chasing symptoms or assumptions. After you’ve named the issue, you gather information to diagnose root causes, assess impact, and explore options. Escalation should come only if the issue cannot be resolved at the current level, and you don’t move to escalation before you’ve clearly identified what the problem is.